中国与联合国：第74届联合国大会中方立场文件

爱吃猫的鱼

第74届联合国大会中方立场文件

Position Paper of the People’s Republic of China for the 74th Session of the United Nations General Assembly

今年是中华人民共和国成立70周年。70年来，中国人民团结奋斗、砥砺前行，取得了举世瞩目的巨大成就。中国外交攻坚克难、开拓进取，走过了波澜壮阔的历史征程。特别是近年来，在习近平外交思想的指引下，中国以更加积极有为的姿态参与国际事务，为世界的和平与发展作出更大贡献，承担更多责任，展现了作为联合国安理会常任理事国和世界主要经济体的应有担当。

This year marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Over the past seven decades, the Chinese people have forged ahead as one and scored great achievements.

On the diplomatic front, China has made a historic journey against all odds. Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, China has since recent years taken a more proactive part in international affairs and made greater contribution to world peace and development. China has lived up to its responsibilities as a permanent member of the UN Security Council and a major economy of the world.

中国始终不渝走和平发展道路、奉行互利共赢的开放战略，坚持正确义利观，树立共同、综合、合作、可持续的新安全观，谋求开放创新、包容互惠的发展前景，促进和而不同、兼收并蓄的文明交流，构筑尊崇自然、绿色发展的生态体系，始终做世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者。

Here are some of the principles that China holds dear: a path of peaceful development; an opening-up strategy of mutual benefit; the greater good and shared interests of people around the world; a new vision of security that promotes common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security for all; global development that is open, innovation-driven, inclusive, and beneficial to all nations; harmony in diversity and cross-cultural interactions; and an ecoculture based on respect for nature and green development. In short, China will stay a promoter of world peace, contributor to global development, and upholder of the international order.

中国是多边主义的坚定支持者和践行者。面对新形势新挑战，中国高举多边主义的旗帜，积极参与全球治理体系改革和建设，坚定维护以联合国为核心的国际体系，坚定维护以国际法为基础的国际秩序，坚定维护以世贸组织为核心的多边贸易体制，坚决反对单边主义、保护主义和霸凌行径。联合国是最具普遍性、代表性和权威性的政府间国际组织，是多边主义的旗帜。联合国宪章奠定了现代国际秩序基石，确立了当代国际关系基本准则。中国是联合国创始会员国，是第一个在联合国宪章上签字的国家。中国始终支持联合国发挥积极作用，维护联合国权威和地位。当前，中国同联合国合作不断加强和深化，正在进入新的时代。

China firmly supports and pursues multilateralism. Despite new challenges, China continues to uphold multilateralism and takes an active part in reforming and improving global governance. We stand for the international system built around the United Nations (UN), the international order underpinned by international law, and the multilateral trading system centered around the World Trade Organization (WTO). We are firmly against unilateralism, protectionism and acts of bullying.

The UN is the most universal, representative and authoritative inter-governmental organization. It is a symbol of multilateralism. It is the UN Charter that laid the foundation for the existing international order and basic norms governing international relations.

China is a founding member of the UN and the first country to sign on the Charter. China always supports the UN in playing an active role, and upholds its authority and stature. China’s cooperation with the UN is growing stronger and deeper and is entering a new era.

一、推动构建人类命运共同体。

I. Working Toward a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

习近平主席2015年出席联合国成立70周年系列峰会，2017年访问联合国日内瓦总部并发表重要讲话，站在人类发展进程的高度，全面深入阐述构建新型国际关系、构建人类命运共同体重要思想，呼吁各国同心协力建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界。

In addressing the summits commemorating the 70th anniversary of the United Nations in 2015 and the United Nations Office at Geneva in 2017, President Xi Jinping elaborated on his vision for a new model of international relations and a community with a shared future for mankind. With a keen insight into the development and progress of mankind, President Xi called on all nations to work together for an open, inclusive, clean and beautiful world that enjoys lasting peace, universal security and common prosperity.

构建人类命运共同体，顺应历史潮流，回应时代要求，反映了人类社会共同价值追求，汇聚了世界各国人民对美好生活向往的最大公约数，受到国际社会的高度评价和热烈响应，产生了广泛而深远的国际影响。这一理念是当代中国外交重大创新成果，是中国对世界的重要思想和理论贡献，已经成为中国特色大国外交的旗帜。

The vision of a community with a shared future for mankind is in keeping with the trend of history and the call of our times. It reflects the common values of mankind, and represents the greatest shared aspiration of people around the world for a better life. It is highly commended and warmly received by the global community, and will have a profound and far-reaching impact on the world. As a creative foreign policy initiative and a significant intellectual contribution to the world, this vision has since become a centerpiece of China’s major-country diplomacy with its distinctive features.

习近平主席还提出全球治理观、正确义利观、新发展观、新安全观、文明观、核安全观等一系列新理念新主张，为推进全球治理体系改革和建设贡献了中国智慧。

President Xi has also put forth new ideas on a range of weighty issues from global governance, the greater good and shared interests, and global development to security, civilization, and nuclear security. These are the principles that China believes should be followed in reforming and improving the global governance system.

二、维护国际和地区和平安全。

II. Safeguarding Regional and International Peace and Security

作为安理会常任理事国，中国始终站在和平与正义的一边，站在维护联合国宪章宗旨和原则的一边。

As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China always stands on the side of peace, justice and the purposes and principles of the UN Charter.

中国积极参与朝鲜半岛核、伊朗核、阿富汗、缅甸、中东、叙利亚、南苏丹等重大地区热点问题的解决，不断探索和实践具有中国特色的解决国际和地区热点问题之道，始终坚持和平性、正当性和建设性。

China actively looks for settlement of major regional hotspot issues, such as the Korean Peninsula nuclear issue, the Iranian nuclear issue, Afghanistan, Myanmar, the Middle East, Syria, and South Sudan. In our pursuit of solutions to international and regional hotspot issues, we seek to do it the Chinese way – a peaceful, legitimate and constructive way.

和平性就是坚持政治解决方向，主张通过对话谈判解决矛盾分歧，坚决反对在国际事务中动辄或威胁使用武力；正当性就是坚持不干涉内政原则，尊重当事国主权和意愿，坚决反对强加于人；建设性就是坚持客观公正立场，根据事情本身的是非曲直来斡旋调停。

By peaceful, we mean seeking a political solution. We stand for the settlement of disputes and differences through dialogue and negotiation. We strongly oppose any arbitrary use or threat of force in international affairs.

By legitimate, we mean following the principle of non-interference in other countries’ internal affairs, respecting the sovereignty and aspirations of countries concerned, and rejecting any imposed solution.

By constructive, we mean taking an objective and unbiased position and conducting mediation and good offices based on the merits and demerits of the issue concerned.

在朝鲜半岛核问题上，中方一贯坚持实现半岛无核化，维护半岛和平稳定，通过对话协商解决问题。中方希望并支持朝美双方显示灵活，相向而行，按照分阶段、同步走原则，谈出成果，实现早期收获，推动半岛问题政治解决进程。

On the Korean Peninsula nuclear issue, China stands for denuclearization, peace and stability on the Peninsula and for a negotiated solution. We encourage and support the DPRK and the US to show flexibility, work in the same direction, and take phased and synchronized steps. We hope that their negotiations will make progress and produce early harvests, and push forward the political settlement process of the issue.

完整、有效执行伊朗核问题全面协议，既是安理会决议的要求，也是妥善解决问题的唯一途径。当前形势下，我们希望各方采取切实举措，尊重和维护伊方正当合法权益，实现全面协议权利与义务平衡。我们呼吁美国放弃极限施压，为通过平等对话解决伊核问题创造条件。

The full and effective implementation of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) is not only what is required by the Security Council resolution, but also the only way to properly settle the Iranian nuclear issue. Given the current situation, we hope that the relevant parties will take concrete steps to show respect for and protect Iran’s legitimate and lawful rights and interests and strike a balance between the rights and obligations under the JCPOA. We call on the US to abandon its maximum pressure approach and create conditions for settling the Iranian nuclear issue through equal-footed dialogue.

三、扩大参与联合国维和行动。

III. Increasing Participation in UN Peacekeeping Operations

自1989年以来，中国参与约30项维和行动，累计派出4万余人次维和人员。21位中国军人和警察为联合国维和事业献出了宝贵生命。中国有 2500多名维和人员正在8个任务区执行维和任务，在安理会常任理事国中位居首位。中国维和部队纪律严明，素质优良，受到联合国和驻在国高度评价。

Since 1989, China has dispatched over 40,000 peacekeepers to around 30 operations. A total of 21 Chinese military and police personnel lost their lives for peacekeeping. With more than 2,500 peacekeepers currently on duty in eight missions, China contributes more peacekeepers than any other permanent member of the Security Council. The Chinese peacekeepers are highly commended by the UN and host countries for their strict discipline and professionalism.

中国全面落实习近平主席2015年在联合国维和峰会上宣布的重要举措，组建了总规模8000人的维和待命部队以及常备成建制维和警队，在非洲部署了首支直升机分队，为各国培训维和人员，开展扫雷援助项目，支持非洲常备军和危机应对快速反应部队建设。

To fully deliver on the major measures announced by President Xi Jinping at the UN Peacekeeping Summit in 2015, China has set up an 8,000-strong peacekeeping standby force and a permanent peacekeeping police squad; sent its first peacekeeping helicopter squad to Africa; trained peacekeepers from other countries; carried out demining assistance programs; and supported the development of the African Standby Force and the African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crisis.

中方积极参与维和政策审议和制订，坚持维和行动三原则，支持古特雷斯秘书长提出的“为维和而行动”倡议，推动改革和完善维和行动，履行好“蓝盔”的神圣职责。

China takes an active part in formulating peacekeeping policies, and follows the three basic principles of peacekeeping (consent of the parties, impartiality, and non-use of force except in self-defense and defense of the mandate). China supports the Action for Peacekeeping (A4P) initiative launched by Secretary-General António Guterres, and calls for reform and improvement of peacekeeping operations. The Chinese Blue Helmets will fulfill their sacred mission.

四、推进国际军控与防扩散进程。

IV. Advancing the International Arms Control and Non-proliferation Process

中国一直是国际军控条约体系的参与者和建设者，迄已加入二十余项国际军控条约。

China has stayed a participant in and contributor to the international arms control treaty system. It is a party to over 20 international treaties on arms control.

中国奉行防御性国防政策，从不参加也坚决反对任何形式的军备竞赛，核力量始终维持在国家安全需要的最低水平，在任何时候和任何情况下都始终恪守不首先使用核武器、无条件不对无核武器国家使用或威胁使用核武器的承诺。中国在核战略方面显示了最大限度透明，在核力量发展上保持了极大克制，对国际核裁军事业作出重大贡献。

China follows a defense policy that is defensive in nature. It never takes part in any form of arms race, and firmly opposes any such race. China has kept its nuclear capabilities at the minimum level required by national security. It lives by its promise of not being the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances, and unconditionally refraining from the use or threat of nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states. China has been as transparent as it can be about its nuclear strategy, and exercised enormous restraint in developing its nuclear force, thus contributing significantly to international nuclear disarmament.

中国坚决反对大规模杀伤性武器及其运载工具的扩散，一贯忠实、严格履行防扩散国际义务，建立了完善的国内防扩散出口管制法律及执法体系，支持联合国和安理会在防扩散领域发挥关键作用，积极推动全面落实安理会第1540号决议。

China resolutely opposes the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) and their means of delivery. China faithfully and rigorously fulfills its international obligations on non-proliferation. To this end, it has established a well-functioning domestic legal system and enforcement regime on non-proliferation export control. China supports the UN and its Security Council in playing a key role in non-proliferation and works actively for the full implementation of Security Council Resolution 1540.

美国退出《中导条约》等国际条约和机制，将对全球战略稳定、欧洲和亚太地区安全及国际军控防扩散体系产生深远消极影响。拥有最大核武库的国家，应切实履行核裁军特殊、优先责任，推动《关于进一步削减和限制进攻性战略武器措施的条约》延期，进一步大幅削减核武库。

The US withdrawal from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty and other international treaties and mechanisms will have a far-reaching negative impact on global strategic stability, on the security in Europe and the Asia-Pacific, and on the international arms control and non-proliferation regime. Countries with the largest nuclear arsenals are expected to earnestly fulfill their special and primary responsibilities in nuclear disarmament. They should work toward the extension of the New START Treaty and further slash their nuclear arsenals.

中国支持并积极参与国际常规武器军控进程，致力于妥善解决常规武器领域人道主义关切，积极开展国际人道主义扫雷援助，迄已向四十余个国家提供扫雷培训。

China supports and takes an active part in the international conventional arms control process. China is committed to properly address humanitarian concerns regarding conventional arms. It has provided international humanitarian assistance in mine clearance and sponsored training programs for over 40 countries.

中国致力于和平利用外空和防止外空军备竞赛，深入参与联合国和平利用外层空间委员会的工作，主张公平合理的外空规则，推动实现和平探索和利用外空的命运共同体未来愿景。

China stands for the peaceful uses of outer space and prevention of arms race in outer space. China has played an active part in the work of the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space. It advocates fair and equitable rules governing outer space to realize the vision of a community with a shared future in the peaceful exploration and use of outer space.

中方支持在联合国框架下制定各方普遍接受的网络空间行为准则，深入参与联合国信息安全政府专家组会议，为达成共识作出积极贡献。

China supports making a widely acceptable code of conduct in cyberspace under the UN framework. It plays a fundamental role in meetings of the UN’s Group of Governmental Experts on Cyber Security, and has made important contribution to the consensus building.

五、引领国际发展合作。

V. Spearheading International Development Cooperation

中国把落实2030年可持续发展议程作为重点任务，率先发布落实议程的国别方案和进展报告，在多个领域实现早期收获。中国将自身发展利益同各国人民的共同利益相结合，积极参与全球发展合作，在力所能及范围内承担更多国际责任。

China takes the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development as a high priority. It is among the first countries to publish a National Plan and Progress Report on the Implementation of the Agenda, and has achieved early harvests in many areas. China seeks to advance both its own development interests and the shared interests of all nations. It actively participates in global development cooperation, and endeavors to undertake international responsibilities to the best of its ability.

70年来，中国7亿多贫困人口成功脱贫，占全球减贫人口70％以上，并向全球近170个国家和国际组织提供4000 多亿元人民币援助，派遣60多万援助人员，为国际减贫事业和各国共同发展做出巨大贡献。中方愿同国际社会分享精准扶贫、精准脱贫等发展经验，并继续在南南合作框架下，为其他发展中国家落实2030年议程提供力所能及的帮助。

Over the past 70 years, more than 700 million Chinese people have been lifted out of poverty. This accounts for over 70 percent of poverty reduction worldwide. Meanwhile, China has provided over 400 billion RMB yuan in foreign aid and sent over 600,000 aid workers to nearly 170 countries and international organizations. This is a big contribution to the global fight against poverty and to the development of all countries. China is ready to share with other countries its experience in targeted poverty alleviation and eradication. Under the framework of South-South cooperation, China will continue to do its best to help other developing countries implement the 2030 Agenda.

中方高度重视联合国可持续发展目标峰会、发展筹资高级别对话会、小岛屿发展中国家《萨摩亚路径》落实中期审议高级别会议等会议，期待上述会议进一步凝聚国际社会共识，充分考虑发展中国家国情和实际需要，聚焦减贫、基础设施、粮食安全、能力建设等发展中国家重点关注的领域，推动构建开放型世界经济。发达国家应按时足额履行官方发展援助承诺，为发展中国家实现可持续发展提供实际支持。

China attaches great importance to the UN SDG Summit, the High-level Dialogue on Financing for Development, and the Samoa Pathway High-level Midterm Review. China hopes that these meetings will build international consensus in light of the national conditions and real needs of developing countries, and focus on poverty reduction, infrastructure development, food security, capacity building and other major concerns of developing countries and on building an open world economy. Developed countries should live up to their Official Development Assistance (ODA) commitments on time and in full to effectively support developing countries in realizing sustainable development.