考研英语三大主题词汇总
不知大家有没有发现，考研英语每年考察的阅读或者作文都紧跟时事，考的多是一些最近发生的事，毕竟不论什么科目，都是为了让大家更好地了解我们生活的世界。今天为大家总结了三大热门类的词汇，快收藏备用。一、经济贸易类
现在社会，什么都离不开经济，比如一直沸沸扬扬的“中美贸易战”，所有经济贸易一定是个很热门的话题。
1.改革产业结构 reform the structure of industries
2.亏损企业 loss-making enterprises
3.搞活企业 enliven enterprises
4.加快现代化步伐 quicken the modernization drive
5.跨国公司 transnational corporation / multinational corporation
6.乡镇企业 township enterprises
7.国有企业 state-owned enterprises
8.合资企业 joint ventures
9.解放生产力 emancipate/ liberate productivity
10.振兴国家经济 invigorate our state economy
11.实行股份制 introduce the shareholding system
12.全面深化改革 deepen reform all round
13.提高经济效益 improve economic results
14.增进效益 increase economic returns
15.宏观经济调控 macro-economic control and management
16.经济实力 economic strength
17.经济转轨 economic transformation
18.经营机制 operative mechanism
19.整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order
20.引进竞争机制 introduce a competitive mechanism
21.建立技术密集型企业 set up technologically-intensive enterprises
22.招商引资 canvass business and introduce investment
23.房地产 real estate
24.经济特区 special economic zone
25.基础设施 infrastructure facilities
26.豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects
27.投资热点 investment hot spot
28.外向型经济 export-oriented economy
29.按劳分配 distribute according to the work performance
30.打破平均主义 break / abandon equalitarian
31.沿海开放城市 open coastal cities
32.保税区 bonded zone/ area
33.金融改革 banking system
34.国民生产总值 Gross National Product
35.扶贫项目 anti-poverty project
36.下海经商 plunge into the private business
37.协调发展 coordinate the development
38.住房改革 housing reform
39.社会保障体系 social security system
40.数字时代 digital times
41.信息高速公路 the information superhighway
42.虚拟社区 virtual communities
43.“菜蓝子”工程 the “shopping-basket” project ( the non-staple food project)
44.拳头产品 knock-out products/ competitive products
45.市场萧条 slack market
46.中国质量万里行 China’s Long March to Quality campaign
47.冒牌产品 fake brand-name products
48.假冒伪劣商品 fake and poor quality commodities
49.谋取暴力 reap colossal profits
50.提出索赔 lodge a claim
51.投诉 lodge complaint
52.贸易争端 trade disputes
53.乱收费 random charges
54.市场疲软 sluggish market
55.贸易顺差 favorable trade balance
56.贸易逆差 unfavorable trade balance
57.实行优惠政策 launch a preferential policy
58.繁荣市场 flourish the market
59.加入世贸组织 accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO
60.最惠国待遇 Most-Favored-Nation treatment
61.消费者协会 consumer’s association
62.消费者购买力 consumer purchasing power
63.新兴市场 emerging market
64.抑制消费 control / inhibit consumption
65.无形资产 intangible assets
66.有形资产 tangible assets
67.市场占有率 market share
68.严重违约 grave breach of contract
69.泡沫经济 bubble economy
70.品牌效应 brand effect
71.企业重组 reshuffle of enterprises
72.贸易壁垒 trade barrier
73.人才流失 brain drain
74.清理“三角债” break up the debt chain
75.企业文化 corporate culture
76.商业炒作 commercial speculation
77.扩大内需，刺激消费 expand domestic demand and consumption
78.拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth
79.连锁反应 chain reaction / domino effect
80.竞争优势 competitive edge
81.经济结构调整 economic restructuring
82.经济增长点 economic growth point ； growth engine
83.经济过热 overheated economy
84.经济滑坡 economic downturn
85.集约化经营 intensive management
86.灰色收入 gray income
87.福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system
88.分期付款 installment payment
89.从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy
90.按揭购房 buy a house on a mortgage ； mortgage a house
91.边际效益 marginal benefit
92.不良贷款 non-performing loan
93.裁减冗员 lay off redundant staff； cut down on overstaffing
94.产品更新换代 upgrade of products
95.创业园 high-tech business incubator； pioneer park
96.促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy
97.家庭联产承包责任制 household contract responsibility system
98.人才战 competition for talented people
99.脱贫致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity
100.资源优化配置 optimizing the allocation of resources
二、政治类
为了考研成功，必须又红又专，一起学学与政治有关的主题词汇。
1.不正之风 bad / harmful practice
2.霸权主义 hegemonism
3.奔小康 strive for a better-off life
4.论资排辈 assign priority according to seniority
5.持续发展 sustainable development
6.重复建设 redundant project
7.大锅饭 egalitarian practice ( of everyone taking food from the same big pot)
8.多极化 multi-polarization
9.科学技术是第一生产力 Science and technology are the primary productive force.
10.机构臃肿 overstaffing in organization
11.机构改革 institutional restructuring； streamlining
12.反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government
13.窗口行业 service trade
14.核心竞争力 core competitiveness
15.减员增效 downsizing of staff and improving efficiency
16.减轻农民负担 reduce farmer’s burdens； lighten the burden on them
17.跨越式发展 great-leap-forward development
18.跨世纪发展 trans-century project
19.民主集中制 democratic centralism
20.讲诚信﹑反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating
21.强权外交 power diplomacy
22.人浮于事 overstaffing
23.侵吞公款 embezzle public funds
24.群带关系 networking through petticoat influence
25.求同存异
seek common ground on major issues while shelving differences on minor ones
26.滥用权力 abuse one’s power； misuse one’s authority
27.廉政建设 build a clean and honest government
28.三步走战略 the three-step development strategy
29.三讲教育
three emphases education—emphasize theoretical study， political awareness and good conduct
30.三峡工程 Three gorges project
31.贪污腐化 corruption and degeneration
32.思想僵硬 fossilized concept
33.西部开发 the development of China’s west
34.发展是硬道理 Development is an invariable truth
35.坚持四项基本原则 uphold the four cardinal principles
36.地方保护主义 regional protectionism
37.拜金主义 money worship
38.行贿受贿 give and take bribery
39.走后门 get in by the back door / enter by the back door
40.和平演变 peaceful evolution
41.贪脏枉法 take bribes and bend the law
42.以权谋私 abusing power for money
43.拉关系 try to establish a relationship with sb.
44.权钱交易 trading power for money
45.扫黄运动 anti-pornography campaign
46.公款吃喝 enjoy banquet on public funds
47.“一国两制”的原则 the principle of “one country， two systems：”
48.两大主题 two principle themes
49.坚持一个中国立场 stick to one-China position
50.全国人民代表大会 National People’s Congress
51.与国际接轨 synchronize with the world； accord with international norms
52.社会主义物质文明 socialist material wellbeing
53.社会主义精神文明 socialist culture and ideology
54.实现中华民族伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
55.歪风邪气 unhealthy practices and evil phenomena
56.温暖工程 adequate food and clothing program
57.知识产权 intellectual property right
58.综合国力 comprehensive national strength
59.最低生活保障制度 systems for ensuring a minimum standard of living
60.政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management
61.与时俱进 keep pace with the times
62.闲置人员 idle hand
63.养老保险 endowment insurance
64.以经济建设为中心 focus on the central task of economic construction
65.下岗职工基本生活费 subsistence allowance for laid-off workers
66.世界观﹑人生观﹑价值观 world outlook， outlook on life and values
67.实事求是 seek truth from facts
68.试点工程 pilot project
69.政府廉洁高效 clean and efficient government
70.战略伙伴关系 strategic partnership
三、环境法律医疗类
除了以上两类，环境、法律和医疗也是很热门容易考的主题，因为都是跟社会生活息息相关的领域，多点了解也是非常好的。
1.温室效应 green-house effect
2.沙漠化 desertification
3.过度放牧 overgrazing
4.过度捕鱼 over-fishing
5.滥砍乱伐 clear-cutting
6.退耕还林 return cultivated land to forest
7.沙尘暴 sand storm
8.生态危机 ecological forest
9.破坏生态平衡 destroy / upset the ecological balance
10.自然保护区 nature reserve
11.环境绿化 environmental greening
12.禽流感 bird flu
13.疯牛病 mad cow disease/ BSE
14.口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease
15.非典 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
16.偷税﹑骗税 tax evasion and tax fraud
17.扫黄打非 eliminate pornography and illegal publications
18.严打斗争 strike-hard campaign
19.公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序
a new and rational new international political and economic order
20.外交纷争 diplomatic disputes
21.维护世界和平 safeguard world peace
22.国际惯例 international common practice
23.民族分裂主义 ethnic separatism
24.宗教极端主义 religious extremism
25.世界的基本格局 basic world pattern
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